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Στα 79,2 έτη το προσδόκιμο ζωής στις χώρες της ΕΕ

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ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΙΜΟ ΖΩΗΣ, ΕΕ, ΧΩΡΕΣ, ΟΟΣΑ

Το προσδόκιμο ζωής στις χώρες της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης αυξήθηκε κατά μέσο όρο σε σχέση με τη δεκαετία του 1990, όμως εξακολουθούν να υπάρχουν μεγάλες διαφορές μεταξύ των χωρών, αναφέρει στην ετήσια έκθεσή του για την υγεία στην Ευρώπη ο Οργανισμός Οικονομικής Συνεργασίας και Ανάπτυξης (ΟΟΣΑ).
Κατά μέσο όρο στις 28 χώρες μέλη της ΕΕ το προσδόκιμο ζωής ήταν για το 2012 79,2 έτη, δηλαδή 5,1 περισσότερα χρόνια σε σχέση με το 1990.
Η αύξηση αυτή εξηγείται «κυρίως από τη σημαντική μείωση των θανάτων από καρδιαγγειακές παθήσεις, κυρίως στα άτομα μεταξύ των 50 και των 65 ετών», επισημαίνει ο ΟΟΣΑ.
Η Ισπανία (82,5 χρόνια), η Ιταλία (82,3 χρόνια) και η Γαλλία (82,1 χρόνια) είναι οι ευρωπαϊκές χώρες με το μεγαλύτερο προσδόκιμο ζωής. Στην Ελλάδα το προσδόκιμο ζωής για το 2012 ήταν 80,7 χρόνια.
Οι χώρες της Βαλτικής και της ανατολικής Ευρώπης παραμένουν στις τελευταίες θέσεις, με τη Ρουμανία, τη Βουλγαρία, τη Λετονία και τη Λιθουανία να καταγράφουν προσδόκιμο ζωής κάτω από τα 75 χρόνια.
Παρόλα αυτά κάποιες από τις χώρες της περιοχής αυτής έχουν σημειώσει μεγάλες προόδους, όπως η Εσθονία που κέρδισε 7 χρόνια από το 1990 και η Τσεχία με 6,6 χρόνια.
Το προσδόκιμο ζωής των γυναικών παραμένει μεγαλύτερο από αυτό των ανδρών στην ΕΕ: 82,2 χρόνια το 2012 για τις γυναίκες και 76,1 χρόνια για τους άνδρες, αν και η διαφορά μεταξύ των δύο φύλων μειώθηκε από τα 7,2 χρόνια που ήταν το 1992 στα 6,1 χρόνια το 2012.
Όμως αν και οι γυναίκες ζουν περισσότερο, «το προσδόκιμο της ζωής τους με καλή υγεία» μετά τα 65 έτη είναι σχεδόν ίδιο με αυτό των ανδρών (8,7 χρόνια έναντι 8,5), επισημαίνει η έκθεση.
Οι καρδιαγγειακές ασθένειες, μεταξύ αυτών και τα εγκεφαλικά, παραμένουν η κύρια αιτία θανάτου στην Ευρώπη εκπροσωπώντας το 40% των θανάτων το 2011, πολύ μπροστά από τις διάφορες μορφές καρκίνου (24%).